Examples of jokes by Mozart
I’m reading a book about Mozart and the author mentioned that Mozart liked to laugh and be happy. Hence, he used to joke a lot.
Three kinds of jokes are mentioned:
Those that everybody would understand (e.g. Papageno and Magic Flute)
For players: asking to play an impossible musical fragment
Esoteric jokes, hidden in his pieces
Some of the jokes from the third category remained hidden and undiscovered, but it mentions that Tibet was excited to discover such jokes.
What examples do we have (maybe from each category)?
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Ein musikalischer Spaß, K.522 is the most obvious one. It could well fit into all your categories, but most certainly the 1st. It is full of parody, banality, unmusicality, even bordering on atonality in places. It is Mozart at his most sarcastic.
K.522 has seemingly impossible trills for the horns in the last movement (too high and too low and too long). Also in category 2 the slow movement ends with a crazy whole tone scale in the violin that ends in the stratosphere. For category 3 Mozart puts crude consecutive 5ths deep in the violas (therefore well hidden) in the trio of the Menuetto.
Neil Meyer cites a humorous canon for voices by Mozart. Another is Difficile lectu, K559. This is a canon for 3 voices. The text appears to be Latin --- it consists of Latin words, but as far as I can see those words make no sense together except that "difficile lectu" means "difficult to read". The Latin in fact makes puns on some rude words in German and Italian.
It is in a set of 3 canons. Another in the set is Bona nox, K561, which contains some rude words in German.
There is this piece that some might consider humorous, the toilet humour is not all that funny to me but some may find it funny.
Behind the banality lies an interesting story. Götz von Berlichingen was a German Imperial Knight who famously told said the following as attributed to him in the play made by Johan Goethe that was based on his life.
Famous quote The first version of the drama included a quote that
gained fame fast. In the third act, Götz is under siege by the
Imperial Army in his castle at Jagsthausen. The captain of the army
asked him to surrender; from a window, he gives his answer:
Mich ergeben! Auf Gnad und Ungnad! Mit wem redet Ihr! Bin ich ein
Räuber! Sag deinem Hauptmann: Vor Ihro Kaiserliche Majestät hab ich,
wie immer, schuldigen Respekt. Er aber, sag's ihm, er kann mich im
Arsche lecken!
—?Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Götz von Berlichingen mit der eisernen
Hand, act 3, Goethe's Werke, vol. 8 (1889), p. 109 It can be
translated as:
Me, surrender! At mercy! Whom do you speak with? Am I a robber! Tell
your captain that for His Imperial Majesty, I have, as always, due
respect. But he, tell him that, he can lick me in the arse!
This became such a sensation that it entered into folklore. Mozart must have seen the play by Goethe and must have been amused by the sheer banality of it all and decided to write that particular song about it.
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