Why HCL does not damage the walls of our stomach?
As we know that HCL is strong acid. It is very dangerous and corrosive to skin and can damage the skin tissues very badly and if it is drunk by someone then his health is strongly affected and he may died. But when HCL produced by our stomach it does not harms the wall of our stomach.
Why?
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The stomach is protected by two enzymes, COX 1 and COX 2 (Cyclooxygenase 1 and 2). These are prostaglandin enzymes. From this article on NIH:
...both COX-1 and COX-2 either alone or in concert contribute to gastric mucosal defence
This is why long term use of COX non-specific NSAIDs can cause severe stomach problems, since they inhibit the production or function of these enzymes. There may be other processes that further protect the stomach from the effects of hydrochloric acid, but I believe these enzymes play the most important roles, especially when one considers the effect caused by inhibiting their function.
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