Does the diatonic scales D major, A major, E major and B minor implement the same notes used by the pentatonic F-sharp minor scale?
The F# minor pentatonic scale notes are:
F# A B C# E.
Now I want to know if the D major, A major, E major and B minor scales (all diatonic) implement all the notes used by the F# pentatonic minor scale..
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Yes, and this becomes apparent once you determine that the F? minor pentatonic minor scale is the same as the A major pentatonic scale. It then makes total sense that the tonic, subdominant and dominant keys (A, D, and E major) share these notes. Further, all of their relative minor keys (F?, B, C? minor, respectively) will also share these notes!
Another way to find the answer is comparing only the accidentals involved in the key signatures.
This assumes knowledge of key signatures. If that is where the actual knowledge gap lies, learn key signatures!
F sharp minor pentatonic is F# A B C# E
Arrange that in ascending fifths A E B F# C#
Now list out the addition of sharps to key signatures in ascending fifths and stop when you get a mismatch on the pentatonic set of tones F# C# G# D#... the next tone would be A# so stop and don't include it.
The keys that include all the tones of F sharp minor pentatonic are those with key signatures with the two given sharps F# and C# but don't alter the natural tones, namely:
D major and B minor
A major and F sharp minor
E major and C sharp minor
It's a tedious description in words, but the method helps illuminate how western tonality is based on perfect fifths.
Closer to reality is you will just "see" these things after internalizing all the key signatures.
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