: How do you call the technique where you slap the bow against the string? I'm talking about this kind of technique (at the beginning of the video): How would I notate this kind of technique

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It's called "ricochet bowing". The video uses cello, but the principle is the same.

The notation is just a text instruction, "ricochet", "jeté", or "staccato volante". The exact difference, if any, between the three techniques can a good topic for endless argument that doesn't lead anywhere very useful!

The notes are often written with staccato dots plus a slur - though as the video says, the choice of up and down bows is more about "what feels comfortable" to an individual player than about what sound is produced.