: What is it called when you move chords a step up or down? What is the name or concept that explains or refers to when chords become other chords if you move them one step up or down? For example, B♭ Major becomes A Major

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The concept you refer to is called Transposition, which is moving one or more notes up or down by a given amount. You can transpose individual chords, or phrases, or entire pieces.

For example, if you have a piece in C major, and transpose it up a whole step, the resulting piece will be in D major. If the piece modulates partway through, for example, from C to G (up a fifth), then the transposed piece will modulate from D to A (also up a fifth).