How many people die due to various substance (illegal ones/legal/dangerous ones) per user?
It says 88000 people die from Alcohol related causes
What I want to know is the number of people that die compared to the number of alcohol users.
Then I want to compare that with the same ratio for
Alcohol
Cigarettes
LSD
MDMA
Meth
Heroin
Cocaine
Crack Cocaine
How many death per users per year?
Is death per user increase or decrease in places where those are legal/criminalized?
How do I get that data? Anyone studying this?
It's a simple statistic.
If I did some research I often see graphs like this
The graphs are too subjective. One is made by lancet I think. I forget the rest. I will find some sources. However, I am just pointing out that the graphs are too subjective.
The lancet source is this en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_abuse
rollsafe.org/mdma/
However, this may not convince many skeptics.
The graphs simply say MDMA is less dangerous than alcohol. Danger is subjectively defined.
So I tried something objective.
How many people that use MDMA will die due to MDMA.
I will also take into account that MDMA are less addictive. So yes. We will be comparing those who use MDMA like once every 2 months with heavy smokers. It's still a fair comparison because cigarettes are addictives and MDMA isn't.
I wonder if such research have been done?
Another thing I want to examine will be dangerous that doesn't lead to death. Things like permanent IQ decrease, for example. However, this question ask about something whose meaning is obvious. Death.
Another useful stats is usage vs en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Years_of_potential_life_lost
I wonder if there is any research on that.
This one says that there are 600 death due to MDMA usage drugwarfacts.org/node/3484
However, it doesn't tell how many people use MDMA in US. So I can't compute the ratio and compare the ration with cigarettes.
Sample of good answer will be something like this:
thedea.org/mdma-risks-science-and-statistics-technical-faq/mdma-molly-ecstasy-use-and-death-rate-statistics/
The death rate for MDMA, assuming that there really were about 60
deaths directly caused by MDMA in 2000, would be roughly 2 in 100,000
users. The death rate from smoking, by contrast, is on the order of
400 per 100,000 users. Even alcohol, America’s official “it’s not
really a drug” drug, nets about 50 deaths per 100,000 users each
year:3
I just want more complete pictures for more popular drugs.
I repeat that again
Alcohol
Cigarettes
LSD
MDMA
Meth
Heroin
Cocaine
Crack Cocaine
So we already got 3. Alcohol, Cigarettes, and MDMA. I want more numbers to around those 8 I think?
If it's too broad, then I just want MDMA, Meth, Heroin, Cocaine, and LSD, and Weed.
Partial answer is good enough. So if you know the ratio for weed, then that's good enough. The best answer will be the one that show more.
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I have found data from different sources, mainly for the UK. Please note that the data are for substance-related deaths, so they include substance-specific deaths plus deaths related to the use of a drug (for example, heroin-associated death can be from fentanyl in it, and alcohol-related deaths can include car accidents).
Substance use-related deaths per 100,000 users/year:
Tobacco: 400 (in UK, DEA); 1,000 (in UK, BuzzFeed)
Methadone: 242 (in UK, y. 2007 StraightStatistics)
Heroin: 141 (in US, y. 2000 Harm Reduction International)
Solvents: 60 (in UK, BuzzFeed)
Alcohol: 50 (in UK, DEA)
Prescription opioids: 26 (in US, mit.edu, 2015)
Acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs: 15 (Powerpak.com)
Cocaine: 17 (in UK, BuzzFeed); 24 (in UK, y. 2007 StraightStatistics)
MDMA (Ecstasy): 2 (in UK, y.2000, DEA); 10 (in UK, y. 2007 StraightStatistics)
Nitrous oxide: 0.19 (in UK, BuzzFeed)
Substance use-related deaths per 100,000 users in 2011 in UK (The Single Colony, sources: Home Office and Office of National Statistics):
Heroin: 1,753
Tobacco: 865
Methadone: 824
Amphetamines: 27
Cocaine (powder and crack): 16
Alcohol: 13
MDMA (Ecstasy): 11
Cannabis: <1
Ketamine: <1 (5 deaths in the entire UK in y. 2012 (St George's University of London, p.92 and 93 ; 3 deaths in July 2017- June 2018 in Ontario)
LSD: 0
Psilocybin: 0
Why did heroin-related deaths per 100,000 user increase?
The discrepancy between 141 heroin-related deaths per 100,000 users in y. 2000 in the US and 1,753 deaths per 100,000 users in y. 2011 in the UK could be explained by the fact that in recent years fentanyl has been often added to heroin and that fentanyl-related deaths have greatly increased.
CDC.gov, 2019:
However, most recent cases of fentanyl-related harm, overdose, and
death in the U.S. are linked to illegally made fentanyl. It is sold
through illegal drug markets for its heroin-like effect. It is often
mixed with heroin and/or cocaine as a combination product—with or
without the user’s knowledge—to increase its euphoric effects.
Overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids other than methadone,
which includes fentanyl, increased almost 47% from 2016 to 2017.
Reports from law enforcement indicate that much of the synthetic
opioid overdose increase may be due to illegally or illicitly made
fentanyl. According to data from the National Forensic Laboratory
Information System, confiscations, or seizures, of fentanyl increased
by nearly 7 fold from 2012 to 2014.
Why did methadone-related deaths per 100,000 users increase?
Methadone has been initially prescribed as part of recovery from heroin addiction, but is now also prescribed as analgesic. Methadone has a short analgesic duration (6-8 hours) and long elimination half-life (128 hours), which increases the chance of overdose when taken every 6-8 hours. Further, the use of street methadone, which may not be pure methadone has increased in recent years. So, circumstances in which methadone is used recently have changed, which may explain increasing methadone-related deaths per 100,000 users from 2007 and 2011 in the UK.
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