: Which nerve inflammation can affect vision other than the optical nerve itself? Which nerve inflammation can affect vision other than the optical nerve itself? Can a nerve inflammation affect vision?

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The vision can be sharp when the light is focused exactly on the retina, not in front or behind it. This is enabled by the constant eye bulb length and the ability of the lens to accommodate to near or far objects.

Three cranial nerves that innervate the extraocular muscles and thus the shape of the eye bulb include the oculomotor nerve (n. III), trochlear nerve (n. IV) and abducens nerve (n. VI) (Wikipedia). Additional nerves innervate the ciliary muscles, which control the lens (Wikipedia).

The optic nerve (n. V) conveys visual stimuli from the retina to the brain (Wikipedia). Inflammation of this nerve (optic neuritis) can affect vision (Mayo Clinic). Other mentioned nerves are not typically affected by inflammation, but more likely by other disorders of the nerves or brain, such as multiple sclerosis or stroke. Anyway, nerve function impairment, from whatever cause, is often called palsy, for example, oculomotor nerve palsy.

By far most common causes of impaired vision are changes in the eye bulb length (nearsightedness) and age-related rigidity of the lens (farsightedness), which are usually not associated with the nerves. Then there are various disorders of the lens (e.g. cataracts), eye chambers (e.g. glaucoma), retina and circulation (e.g. diabetes). Wikipedia has a long list of causes of visual impairment. There's a simple to read description of neurological causes of visual impairment on Healio and there's one study about this on PubMed.