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Hoots : General purpose vomit response control? Is there a general purpose antiemetic for vomit response control? Many vomit control solutions are focused on specific causes for the vomiting. Some common causes of nausea/vomiting: - freshhoot.com

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General purpose vomit response control?
Is there a general purpose antiemetic for vomit response control?
Many vomit control solutions are focused on specific causes for the vomiting. Some common causes of nausea/vomiting:

Cancer treatments
Upset stomach/gastric distress
Dehydration
Motion sickness
Gastroenteritis
Pregnancy
Alcohol

What I'm interested in is medicines or methods to suppress the vomit response in general, or at least cover a broad range of causes. Does such a thing exist?


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Physiology, Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone (StatPearls):

Nausea and vomiting are controlled by the vomiting center in the medulla oblongata, which is located between the brainstem and spinal cord. The main part of the vomiting center is the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), also known as the area postrema (AP), which receives signals from:

the blood (uremia, ketoacidosis, hypoxia, opiates, cancer chemotherapy...)
gastrointestinal tract (gastroenteritis or gastroparesis - signals travel via autonomic nerve fibers)
the vestibular system (motion sickness, inner ear disorders)
centers in the brain cortex and thalamus (pain, smells, psychological causes...)

Picture: Signals that induce vomiting (source: Pharma Study World)

So, theoretically, there could be an antiemetic that would "block" the vomiting center and thus relieve nausea from any cause...

...yet, there are no ideal and universal antiemetics available in the
clinics because the existing antiemetics target only one or a few
stimuli that trigger the reflex. (International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019)

Anyway, certain antiemetics can be used to relieve nausea from more than one cause (here: Table 2):

Indications for antiemetics:

5-HT3 antagonists: ondansetron and palonosetron for chemotherapy-induced and posoperative nausea
D2 Antagonists:

Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine, for nausea associated with motion sickness, migraine, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, postoperative, viral gastroenteritis, and severe morning sickness during pregnancy
Butyrophenones, such as droperidol and olanzapine, for nausea associated with cancer chemotherapy and postoperative nausea associated with opioids.

H1 antagonists: promethazine and dimenhydramine for motion sickness and morning sickness in pregnancy
ACh (M) antagonists (anticholinergics): L-hyoscine as a transdermal patch for prophylaxis of motion sickness
Synthetic cannabinoids: dronabinol and nabilone for nausea associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in patients who have failed to respond to the other antiemetics
Corticosteroids: dexamethasone for chemotherapy-induced nausea and for severe morning sickness
SP/NK1 antagonists: aprepitant for postoperative and chemotherapy-induced nausea (in combination with dexamethasone)


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