Can aphasia like symptoms be caused by something other than physical trauma to the brain?
From what I've read, Aphasia is always caused by trauma, either a head injury, stroke, etc.
Are there linguistic disorders related to the brain selecting the wrong word etc. that are physiological or psychological that are not caused by physical issues in the brain?
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No. An Aphasia is defined as
a disturbance of the comprehension and formulation of language caused by dysfunction in specific brain regions. It results from a breakdown of the two-way translation that establishes a correspondence between thoughts and language.
Damasio, A.R. (February 1992). "Aphasia". N Engl J Med. 326 (8): 531–9.
Wikipedia cites that article saying that there needs to be „damage to specific reasons of brain“. Because of this very definition, there is no psychological aphasia, as it then wouldn’t be called aphasia.
Most psychological diseases (dementia as a prime example) have also pathophysiological causes within then brain, so aphasia due to dementia would also be due to brain injury.
Aphasia can be a manifestation of epilepsy.
See this case report n.neurology.org/content/56/1/134
Where it was thought the aphasia was post-ictal but examination by EEG showed on going ictal activity.
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